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You would
be wrong. Everybody is polite, on to the next speaker, on to the next
talk. You can't resolve problems like that. The golden nugget has to be
rubbed before it is going to reveal the gold. There is a cultural change
that’s needed and in my opinion that only comes from the top.

So who is on the top?
Institute directors, the NIH director, Secretary of Health? If every
one of you who is in a position where somebody else looks to you for
behavioral guidance, looks to you in terms of, are you walking the talk
or are you just pontificating?
If Al Gore can do it, so
can you.
[Laughter]
What about success? Not
much easier. What is in the way in my opinion is the attitude toward
risk and toward wide-scale deployment. I had to make up a Hungarian
proverb which I do under duress.
[Laughter]
The
proverb should have said that if necessity is the mother of invention,
risk-taking is the father of success. Risk-taking is about turning
knowledge into success because knowledge is never sufficient to
eliminate the need to stick your neck out. You need to hone the reward
on risk. And you know, we’ve got systems for that
The reward for
risk-takers is patent protection. Patent protection is a monopoly, a
monopoly that’s given to the inventor by society as an inducement and a
reward for taking risks and doing the work to make the invention. The
bigger the risk, the bigger the reward should be. Today the public
treats just about every invention the same way. An invention to push the
enter button on the computer to do something? Good boy, you got 17
years monopoly. You invent an anti-gravity machine? Good boy, 17-years
monopoly.
[Laughter]
Maybe there ought to be
some differentiation. There is actually some differentiation in
recognition of the unusual time-delays that drugs require. They give you
a patent extension, a biological patent extension of half the time from
IND to FDA. Maybe what we need is an
additional risk multiplier, based on judgment by independent, learned
bodies.
[Laughter]

And make that risk
multiplier sufficiently strong that it can really move people to spend
the energy and risk failure for things that are something other than yet
another dopamine agonist.
The last
item is deployment. Deployment is, at best, an afterthought. It is
underappreciated and under-funded as an art. It is an art. It has
masters and heroes like the invention process
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